Repellent methods

Abstract The Gerhardi Livestock protector was a device designed to repel predators from livestock pastures. It was invented by Thomas Edward Gerhardi in Canada. The Department of Interior’s Division of Wildlife Services conducted studies with the Livestock Protector with the goal of possibly registering the device with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which would allow the device to be used in the United States. However, it was never registered and never saw widespread use in the United...